Looking at the entire hotels and restaurants sector, this is the case for only 72 % of the people employed (or 69 % if the tourist accommodation subsector is excluded).
Looking at the three selected tourism industries separately, over one-third of employment in travel agencies and tour operators is in micro-enterprises (34 %); for the accommodation sector this figure is 24 %. Together with the Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, they constitute UNWTO’s main datasets and publications on annual tourism statistics. This article presents recent statistics on employment in the Economic activities related to tourism (but not necessarily relying only on tourism — see the section The tourism industries account for 21 % of people employed in the services sector.
Table 4 lists the regions with a tourism intensity over 20 (tourism nights per local inhabitant). More specifically, the tourist accommodation sector registered an average annual growth of +1.9 % since 2008, resulting to a total increase of +18 % in 2017 compared with 2008. In particular, apart from a few core tourist activities, such as tourist accommodation or the activities of tour operators and travel agencies, most tourist activities can be placed under broad economic sectors. In the third quarter, full-time jobs appear to fill the additional needs of the tourist accommodation labour market (although it is not clear from the data whether these are additional full-time posts or an increase in weekly working hours to bring existing part-time posts up to the full-time level).
The largest discrepancies between this sector and the whole economy can be observed in Greece (59 % permanent jobs versus 89 % in the whole economy), Italy, Sweden and Bulgaria. The results range from almost no part-time employment in the tourist accommodation sector in Bulgaria or Romania, to a rate of 60 % in the Netherlands.
The only countries where there seems to be no noticeable difference are Portugal (71 %), Cyprus (24 %) and Hungary (14 %). Indeed, 48 % of people employed in hotels and restaurants, and 43 % in tourist accommodation, are younger than 35 years old.
Another indicator of employment stability is the average stay with the same employer.
Sustainable tourism involves the preservation and enhancement of cultural and natural heritage, ranging from the arts to local gastronomy or the preservation of The country data (see Table 2) reveals large variations. Table 7 shows that staff turnover is much higher in the accommodation sector – with an average stay with the same employer of slightly over six years (76 months) – than in all economic activities taken together (121 months, in other words over 10 years). As shown above, Greece tends to have a highly seasonal tourism industry. In all the countries for which data on job duration is available, the accommodation sector performs relatively poorly (see Table 6). To overcome this measurement problem, together with international organisations active in the field of tourism statistics (the UNWTO, UNSD and Currently, national, non-harmonised data are available for a handful of Member States.
Presenting the results in another way, out of 100 people employed in the EU, only four are part-time working men while 14 are part-time working women. Data / research on tourism & hotels inc. While both are relatively low in the first quarter, part-time employment seems to be the main contributor to the seasonal needs in the second quarter.
The right-hand side of Table 3 combines the analysis by gender with the split between full-time and part-time employment (see also Figure 1). Among men working in this sector, 90 % have a full-time contract, which is slightly less than the overall EU average for men (92 %).
Comparing the accommodation subsector with the economy as a whole, both hourly average labour costs and earnings were lower for those employed in accommodation, and this was true across the EU (see Figure 16). In the selected tourism industries, 23 % of people work in micro-enterprises that employ fewer than 10 people, which is significantly lower than the 29 % observed for the total non-financial business economy (see Figure 2). In the economy, the average hourly labour cost was €26.0 in 2016 and average hourly earnings were €15.2 in 2014.
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