In the face of a tumult of war and usurpation, this no longer seemed enough. Terrified out of his wits, Alexander fled for his imperial tent.
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By entering your details, you are agreeing to HistoryExtra They shouted various complaints: against the cowardice of the emperor’s commanders and household, against the rapacity and miserliness of his mother.When the rebels came into sight, they called out, urging their comrades in arms to abandon the “timid little boy tied to his mother’s apron strings”. Notoriously, Arminius, the victor in the battle at Teutoburger Wald, had served as an officer in the Roman auxiliaries and had equestrian social status.Some Roman leaders tried to subdue free Germania. But what a hotseat. The resulting civil war would strip troops from the frontiers, which would encourage further barbarian incursions. This edition also includes a general introduction, individual introductions to each of the Lives and Comparisons, further reading and notes. Taken from the Lives, a series of biographies spanning the Graeco-Roman age, this collection illuminates the twilight of the old Roman Republic from 157-43 bc. However, not all was well. It takes the urban economy, the social history of the different strata of society, the articulation between the city's regions and the cultural identity of Rome as seen in its processions, its material culture, its legal transformations and its sense of the past. Finally, Neufeld investigates the author of Mark's preoccupation with 'secrecy', showing that his disposition to secrecy in his narrative heightened when the dangers of scorn and ridicule from crowds or persons became pressing concerns. If a general was sent out who was not a member of the imperial family, and he did well, his soldiers might consider he had showed the right stuff to be emperor, and proclaim him.
Decius was the first emperor to be cut down by barbarians in battle, and Valerian was the first to fall into their hands alive.
First, in 286, he appointed an old comrade in arms, Maximian, as co-Augustus. By the end of that decade much of both the west and east was held by rival emperors and thus lost to the central government.Incursions by peoples from beyond the frontiers increased in number and severity. ROME IN CRISIS. Our best wishes for a productive day.
Ian Scott-Kilvert's and Christopher Pelling's translations are accompanied by a new introduction, and also includes a separate introduction for each biography, comparative essays of the major figures, suggested further reading, notes and maps. No generation in the history of Jewry has been so roundly, universally condemned by posterity as that of Yohanan ben Zakkai.
As well as providing an illuminating picture of the first century AD, Plutarch depicts complex and nuanced heroes who display the essential virtues of Greek civilization - courage, patriotism, justice, intelligence and reason - that contributed to the rise of Rome. Then, in 293, he co-opted two junior imperial rulers, Constantius and Galerius, as Caesars.The tetrarchy (rule of four) formed a college of emperors. Yet at a conservative estimate, at least 30 men held the throne in the 49 years between 235 and 284 – an average reign of a little over 18 months.What had gone so wrong? This probably encouraged aggressive war-making among the already bellicose Germanic tribes.Some barbarian war leaders will have expanded their territory at the expense of others. Rome In Crisis. Legions in Crisis looks closely at the new styles of arms and armour, comparing their construction, use and effectiveness to the more familiar types of Roman kit used by soldiers fighting the earlier Dacian and Marcomannic Wars.
Reorganising and reinvigorating the demoralised Roman legions, he led them to two remarkable victories in the space of months, crushing the Teutones and Ambrones at Aquiae Sextae and the Cimbri at Vercellae.The Roman army emerged from this period of crisis a much leaner and more professional force and the author examines the extent to which the 'Marian Reforms' were responsible for this and the extent to which they can be attributed to Marius himself.
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